Dendritic cells tip the balance towards induction of regulatory T cells upon priming in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

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Item Type:	Article
Title:	Dendritic cells tip the balance towards induction of regulatory T cells upon priming in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Creators Name:	Paterka, M., Voss, J.O., Werr, J., Reuter, E., Franck, S., Leuenberger, T., Herz, J., Radbruch, H., Bopp, T., Siffrin, V. and Zipp, F.
Abstract:	Counter-balancing regulatory mechanisms, such as the induction of regulatory T cells (Treg), limit the effects of autoimmune attack in neuroinflammation. However, the role of dendritic cells (DCs) as the most powerful antigen-presenting cells, which are intriguing therapeutic targets in this context, is not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that conditional ablation of DCs during the priming phase of myelin-specific T cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) selectively aborts inducible Treg (iTreg) induction, whereas generation of T helper (Th)1/17 cells is unaltered. DCs facilitate iTreg induction by creating a milieu with high levels of interleukin (IL)-2 due to a strong proliferative response. In the absence of DCs, B220(+) B cells take over priming of Th17 cells in the place of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), but not the induction of iTreg, thus leading to unregulated, severe autoimmunity.
Keywords:	EAE, Dendritic Cells, Immune Regulation, Th17, Treg Cells, Multiple Sclerosis, Mice, Animals
Source:	Journal of Autoimmunity
ISSN:	0896-8411
Publisher:	Elsevier / Academic Press
Volume:	76
Page Range:	108-114
Date:	January 2017
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2016.09.008
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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