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Epigenetic dynamics of monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation

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Item Type:Article
Title:Epigenetic dynamics of monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation
Creators Name:Wallner, S. and Schroeder, C. and Leitão, E. and Berulava, T. and Haak, C. and Beißer, D. and Rahmann, S. and Richter, A.S. and Manke, T. and Bönisch, U. and Arrigoni, L. and Fröhler, S. and Klironomos, F. and Chen, W. and Rajewsky, N. and Müller, F. and Ebert, P. and Lengauer, T. and Barann, M. and Rosenstiel, P. and Gasparoni, G. and Nordström, K. and Walter, J. and Brors, B. and Zipprich, G. and Felder, B. and Klein-Hitpass, L. and Attenberger, C. and Schmitz, G. and Horsthemke, B.
Abstract:Background: Monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation involves major biochemical and structural changes. In order to elucidate the role of gene regulatory changes during this process, we used high-throughput sequencing to analyze the complete transcriptome and epigenome of human monocytes that were differentiated in vitro by addition of colony-stimulating factor 1 in serum-free medium. Results: Numerous mRNAs and miRNAs were significantly up- or down-regulated. More than 100 discrete DNA regions, most often far away from transcription start sites, were rapidly demethylated by the ten eleven translocation enzymes, became nucleosome-free and gained histone marks indicative of active enhancers. These regions were unique for macrophages and associated with genes involved in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, phagocytosis and innate immune response. Conclusions: In summary, we have discovered a phagocytic gene network that is repressed by DNA methylation in monocytes and rapidly de-repressed after the onset of macrophage differentiation.
Keywords:Monocyte, Macrophage, Epigenetics, Methylation, Enhancer, Next-Generation Sequencing, Ten Eleven Translocation Methylcytosine Dioxygenase, TET, DEEP, IHEC
Source:Epigenetics & Chromatin
ISSN:1756-8935
Publisher:BioMed Central
Volume:9
Page Range:33
Date:29 July 2016
Official Publication:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13072-016-0079-z
PubMed:View item in PubMed

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