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Pervasive isoform-specific translational regulation via alternative transcription start sites in mammals

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Item Type:Article
Title:Pervasive isoform-specific translational regulation via alternative transcription start sites in mammals
Creators Name:Wang, X. and Hou, J. and Quedenau, C. and Chen, W.
Abstract:Transcription initiated at alternative sites can produce mRNA isoforms with different 5'UTRs, which are potentially subjected to differential translational regulation. However, the prevalence of such isoform-specific translational control across mammalian genomes is currently unknown. By combining polysome profiling with high-throughput mRNA 5' end sequencing, we directly measured the translational status of mRNA isoforms with distinct start sites. Among 9,951 genes expressed in mouse fibroblasts, we identified 4,153 showed significant initiation at multiple sites, of which 745 genes exhibited significant isoform-divergent translation. Systematic analyses of the isoform-specific translation revealed that isoforms with longer 5'UTRs tended to translate less efficiently. Further investigation of cis-elements within 5'UTRs not only provided novel insights into the regulation by known sequence features, but also led to the discovery of novel regulatory sequence motifs. Quantitative models integrating all these features explained over half of the variance in the observed isoform-divergent translation. Overall, our study demonstrated the extensive translational regulation by usage of alternative transcription start sites and offered comprehensive understanding of translational regulation by diverse sequence features embedded in 5'UTRs.
Keywords:Alternative Transcription Start Sites, Cis‐Regulatory Elements, Isoform‐Divergent Translations, Translational Regulation, Animals, Mice
Source:Molecular Systems Biology
ISSN:1744-4292
Publisher:EMBO Press / Wiley
Volume:12
Number:7
Page Range:875
Date:18 July 2016
Official Publication:https://doi.org/10.15252/msb.20166941
PubMed:View item in PubMed

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