Structure and function of the global ocean microbiome

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Item Type:	Article
Title:	Structure and function of the global ocean microbiome
Creators Name:	Sunagawa, S., Coelho, L.P., Chaffron, S., Kultima, J.R., Labadie, K., Salazar, G., Djahanschiri, B., Zeller, G., Mende, D.R., Alberti, A., Cornejo-Castillo, F.M., Costea, P.I., Cruaud, C., d'Ovidio, F., Engelen, S., Ferrera, I., Gasol, J.M., Guidi, L., Hildebrand, F., Kokoszka, F., Lepoivre, C., Lima-Mendez, G., Poulain, J., Poulos, B.T., Royo-Llonch, M., Sarmento, H., Vieira-Silva, S., Dimier, C., Picheral, M., Searson, S., Kandels-Lewis, S., Bowler, C., de Vargas, C., Gorsky, G., Grimsley, N., Hingamp, P., Iudicone, D., Jaillon, O., Not, F., Ogata, H., Pesant, S., Speich, S., Stemmann, L., Sullivan, M.B., Weissenbach, J., Wincker, P., Karsenti, E., Raes, J., Acinas, S.G. and Bork, P.
Abstract:	Microbes are dominant drivers of biogeochemical processes, yet drawing a global picture of functional diversity, microbial community structure, and their ecological determinants remains a grand challenge. We analyzed 7.2 terabases of metagenomic data from 243 Tara Oceans samples from 68 locations in epipelagic and mesopelagic waters across the globe to generate an ocean microbial reference gene catalog with >40 million nonredundant, mostly novel sequences from viruses, prokaryotes, and picoeukaryotes. Using 139 prokaryote-enriched samples, containing >35,000 species, we show vertical stratification with epipelagic community composition mostly driven by temperature rather than other environmental factors or geography. We identify ocean microbial core functionality and reveal that >73% of its abundance is shared with the human gut microbiome despite the physicochemical differences between these two ecosystems.
Keywords:	Ecosystem, Gastrointestinal Tract, Genetic Databases, Genetic Variation, Metagenome, Microbiota, Oceans and Seas, Plankton, Seawater
Source:	Science
ISSN:	0036-8075
Publisher:	American Association for the Advancement of Science
Volume:	348
Number:	6237
Page Range:	1261359
Date:	22 May 2015
Additional Information:	Copyright © 2015, American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1261359
External Fulltext:	View full text on external repository or document server
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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