Genomic variation landscape of the human gut microbiome

Item Type:	Article
Title:	Genomic variation landscape of the human gut microbiome
Creators Name:	Schloissnig, S. and Arumugam, M. and Sunagawa, S. and Mitreva, M. and Tap, J. and Zhu, A. and Waller, A. and Mende, D.R. and Kultima, J.R. and Martin, J. and Kota, K. and Sunyaev, S.R. and Weinstock, G.M. and Bork, P.
Abstract:	Whereas large-scale efforts have rapidly advanced the understanding and practical impact of human genomic variation, the practical impact of variation is largely unexplored in the human microbiome. We therefore developed a framework for metagenomic variation analysis and applied it to 252 faecal metagenomes of 207 individuals from Europe and North America. Using 7.4 billion reads aligned to 101 reference species, we detected 10.3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 107,991 short insertions/deletions, and 1,051 structural variants. The average ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous polymorphism rates of 0.11 was more variable between gut microbial species than across human hosts. Subjects sampled at varying time intervals exhibited individuality and temporal stability of SNP variation patterns, despite considerable composition changes of their gut microbiota. This indicates that individual-specific strains are not easily replaced and that an individual might have a unique metagenomic genotype, which may be exploitable for personalized diet or drug intake.
Keywords:	Bacterial Genome, Europe, Feces, Genetic Variation, Genotype, Geographic Mapping, Intestines, Metagenome, North America, Reference Standards, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, Time Factors
Source:	Nature
ISSN:	0028-0836
Publisher:	Nature Publishing Group
Volume:	493
Number:	7430
Page Range:	45-50
Date:	3 January 2013
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11711
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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