Functional role of calcium signals for microglial function

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Item Type:	Review
Title:	Functional role of calcium signals for microglial function
Creators Name:	Faerber, K. and Kettenmann, H.
Abstract:	In this review we summarize mechanisms of Ca(2+) signaling in microglial cells and the impact of Ca(2+) signaling and Ca(2+) levels on microglial function. So far, Ca(2+) signaling has been only characterized in cultured microglia and thus these data refer rather to activated microglia as observed in pathology when compared with the resting form found under physiological conditions. Purinergic receptors are the most prominently expressed ligand-gated Ca(2+)-permeable channels in microglia and control several microglial functions such as cytokine release in a Ca(2+)-dependent fashion. A large variety of metabotropic receptors are linked to Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores. Depletion of these intracellular stores triggers a capacitative Ca(2+) entry. While microglia are already in an activated state in culture, they can be further activated, for example, by exposure to bacterial endotoxin. This activation leads to a chronic increase of [Ca(2+)](i) and this Ca(2+) increase is a prerequisite for the release of nitric oxide and cytokines. Moreover, several factors (TNFalpha, IL-1beta, and IFN-gamma) regulate resting [Ca(2+)](i) levels.
Keywords:	Microglia, Calcium, Current, Cytokine, Chemokine, Signal pathway, Animals
Source:	Glia
ISSN:	0894-1491
Publisher:	Wiley
Volume:	54
Number:	7
Page Range:	656-665
Date:	15 November 2006
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.20412
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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