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| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Ligand-dependent kinase activity of MERTK drives efferocytosis in human iPSC-derived macrophages |
| Creators: |
Wanke, Florian, Gutbier, Simon, Rümmelin, Anna, Steinberg, Malte, Hughes, Lindsey D., Koenen, Mascha  ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-4506, Komuczki, Juliana, Regan-Komito, Daniel, Wagage, Sagie, Hesselmann, Julia, Thoma, Ralf, Brugger, Doris, Christopeit, Tony, Wang, Hayian, Point, Floriane, Hallet, Remy, Ghosh, Sourav, Rothlin, Carla V., Patsch, Christoph and Geering, Barbara
|
| Abstract: | Removal of apoptotic cells by phagocytes (also called efferocytosis) is a crucial process for tissue homeostasis. Professional phagocytes express a plethora of surface receptors enabling them to sense and engulf apoptotic cells, thus avoiding persistence of dead cells and cellular debris and their consequent effects. Dysregulation of efferocytosis is thought to lead to secondary necrosis and associated inflammation and immune activation. Efferocytosis in primarily murine macrophages and dendritic cells has been shown to require TAM RTKs, with MERTK and AXL being critical for clearance of apoptotic cells. The functional role of human orthologs, especially the exact contribution of each individual receptor is less well studied. Here we show that human macrophages differentiated in vitro from iPSC-derived precursor cells express both AXL and MERTK and engulf apoptotic cells. TAM RTK agonism by the natural ligand growth-arrest specific 6 (GAS6) significantly enhanced such efferocytosis. Using a newly-developed mouse model of kinase-dead MERTK, we demonstrate that MERTK kinase activity is essential for efferocytosis in peritoneal macrophages in vivo. Moreover, human iPSC-derived macrophages treated in vitro with blocking antibodies or small molecule inhibitors recapitulated this observation. Hence, our results highlight a conserved MERTK function between mice and humans, and the critical role of its kinase activity in homeostatic efferocytosis. |
| Keywords: | Cell Differentiation, Cultured Cells, Growth Arrest-Specific Protein 6, HEK293 Cells, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Knockout Mice, Ligands, Macrophages, Phagocytosis, Phosphatidylserines, c-Mer Tyrosine Kinase, Animals, Mice |
| Source: | Cell Death & Disease |
| ISSN: | 2041-4889 |
| Publisher: | Nature Publishing Group |
| Volume: | 12 |
| Number: | 6 |
| Page Range: | 538 |
| Date: | 25 May 2021 |
| Official Publication: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-021-03770-0 |
| PubMed: | View item in PubMed |
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