Comprehensive analysis of B cell repopulation in ocrelizumab-treated patients with multiple sclerosis by mass cytometry and proteomics

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Item Type:	Article
Title:	Comprehensive analysis of B cell repopulation in ocrelizumab-treated patients with multiple sclerosis by mass cytometry and proteomics
Creators Name:	Wang, M., Otto, C., Fernández Zapata, C., Dehlinger, A., Gallaccio, G., Diekmann, L.M., Niederschweiberer, M., Schindler, P., Körtvélyessy, P., Kunkel, D., Paul, F., Ruprecht, K. and Böttcher, C.
Abstract:	Ocrelizumab, an anti-CD20 antibody, depletes CD20+ B cells, which subsequently repopulate over months. Little is known about changes in other immune cell populations and molecular markers associated with B cell repopulation. Here, we performed a comprehensive characterization of immune cells from ocrelizumab-treated patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) using mass cytometry. About 50% of patients showed naïve B cell repopulation after 6 months mainly with a transitional phenotype, while CD27+ memory B cells only rarely repopulated. This repopulation was associated with a reduction of memory T cells and activated myeloid cells, as well as reduced expression of activation/migration markers in both cell types. A plasma proteomics analysis identified proteins including TNFRSF13C, associated with B cell depletion and repopulation. Plasma levels of neurofilament light chain protein declined after ocrelizumab treatment was not linked with B cell repopulation. These findings identify potential soluble markers for monitoring of ocrelizumab treatment in MS.
Source:	iScience
ISSN:	2589-0042
Publisher:	Elsevier / Cell Press
Page Range:	112383
Number of Pages:	1
Date:	8 April 2025
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2025.112383

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