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Machine learning-based prediction of clinical outcomes after first-ever ischemic stroke

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Item Type:Article
Title:Machine learning-based prediction of clinical outcomes after first-ever ischemic stroke
Creators Name:Fast, L., Temuulen, U., Villringer, K., Kufner, A., Ali, H.F., Siebert, E., Huo, S., Piper, S.K., Sperber, P.S., Liman, T., Endres, M. and Ritter, K.
Abstract:BACKGROUND: Accurate prediction of clinical outcomes in individual patients following acute stroke is vital for healthcare providers to optimize treatment strategies and plan further patient care. Here, we use advanced machine learning (ML) techniques to systematically compare the prediction of functional recovery, cognitive function, depression, and mortality of first-ever ischemic stroke patients and to identify the leading prognostic factors. METHODS: We predicted clinical outcomes for 307 patients (151 females, 156 males; 68 ± 14 years) from the PROSpective Cohort with Incident Stroke Berlin study using 43 baseline features. Outcomes included modified Rankin Scale (mRS), Barthel Index (BI), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS-M), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and survival. The ML models included a Support Vector Machine with a linear kernel and a radial basis function kernel as well as a Gradient Boosting Classifier based on repeated 5-fold nested cross-validation. The leading prognostic features were identified using Shapley additive explanations. RESULTS: The ML models achieved significant prediction performance for mRS at patient discharge and after 1 year, BI and MMSE at patient discharge, TICS-M after 1 and 3 years and CES-D after 1 year. Additionally, we showed that National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was the top predictor for most functional recovery outcomes as well as education for cognitive function and depression. CONCLUSION: Our machine learning analysis successfully demonstrated the ability to predict clinical outcomes after first-ever ischemic stroke and identified the leading prognostic factors that contribute to this prediction.
Keywords:Stroke, Machine Learning, Outcome Prediction, Post-Stroke Depression, Mortality, Functional Outcome, Cognitive Impairment
Source:Frontiers in Neurology
ISSN:1664-2295
Publisher:Frontiers Media SA
Volume:14
Page Range:1114360
Date:21 February 2023
Official Publication:https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2023.1114360
PubMed:View item in PubMed

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