A high-resolution map of small-scale inversions in the gibbon genome

Mercuri, L.; Palmisano, D.; L'Abbate, A.; D'Addabbo, P.; Montinaro, F.; Catacchio, C.R.; Hasenfeld, P.; Ventura, M.; Korbel, J.O.; Sanders, A.D.; Maggiolini, F.A.M.; Antonacci, F.

A high-resolution map of small-scale inversions in the gibbon genome

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Item Type:	Article
Title:	A high-resolution map of small-scale inversions in the gibbon genome
Creators Name:	Mercuri, L., Palmisano, D., L'Abbate, A., D'Addabbo, P., Montinaro, F., Catacchio, C.R., Hasenfeld, P., Ventura, M., Korbel, J.O., Sanders, A.D., Maggiolini, F.A.M. and Antonacci, F.
Abstract:	Gibbons are the most speciose family of living apes, characterized by a strikingly diverse chromosome number and rapid rate of large-scale rearrangements. Here we performed single-cell template strand sequencing (Strand-seq), molecular cytogenetics and deep in silico analysis of a southern white-cheeked gibbon genome providing the first comprehensive map of 238 previously hidden small-scale inversions. We determined that more than half are gibbon-specific, at least 5-fold higher than shown for other primate lineage specific inversions, with a significant high number of small heterozygous inversions, suggesting that accelerated evolution of inversions may have played a role in the high sympatric diversity of gibbons. Although the precise mechanisms underlying these inversions are not yet understood, it is clear that segmental duplication-mediated NAHR only accounts for a small fraction of events. Several genomic features including gene density and repeat (e.g. LINE1) content might render these regions more break-prone and susceptible to inversion formation. In the attempt to characterize interspecific variation between southern and northern white-cheeked gibbons, we identify several large assembly errors in the current GGSC Nleu3.0/nomLeu3 reference genome comprising over 49 megabases of DNA. Finally, we provide a list of 182 candidate genes potentially involved in gibbons diversification and speciation.
Keywords:	Chromosome Inversion, Chromosomes, Genome, Hominidae, Hylobates, Animals, Primates
Source:	Genome Research
ISSN:	1088-9051
Publisher:	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Volume:	32
Number:	10
Page Range:	1941-1951
Date:	October 2022
Additional Information:	This article is distributed exclusively by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the first six months after the full-issue publication date (see https://genome.cshlp.org/site/misc/terms.xhtml). After six months, it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International), as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.276960.122
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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