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MAD2L2 promotes open chromatin in embryonic stem cells and derepresses the Dppa3 locus

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Item Type:Article
Title:MAD2L2 promotes open chromatin in embryonic stem cells and derepresses the Dppa3 locus
Creators Name:Rahjouei, A., Pirouz, M., Di Virgilio, M., Kamin, D. and Kessel, M.
Abstract:The chromatin of naive embryonic stem cells (ESCs) has a largely open configuration, as evident by the lack of condensed heterochromatin and the hypomethylation of DNA. Several molecular mechanisms promoting this constellation were previously identified. Here we present evidence for an important epigenetic function of MAD2L2, a protein originally known for its role in DNA damage repair, and for its requirement in germ cell development. We demonstrate using super-resolution microscopy that numerous MAD2L2 microfoci are exclusively associated with euchromatin, similar to other factors of the DNA damage response. In the absence of MAD2L2 the amount of heterochromatin demarcated by H3K9me2 was significantly increased. Among the most strongly suppressed genes was Dppa3, an ESC- and germ-cell-specific gene regulating DNA methylation. In Mad2l2-deficient ESCs 5-methylcytosine levels were globally increased, while several imprinted genes became hypomethylated and transcriptionally activated. Our results emphasize the important function of MAD2L2 for the open chromatin configuration of ESCs.
Keywords:Heterochromatin, Epigenetics, Germ Cells, DNA Damage, DNA Methylation, Animals, Mice
Source:Stem Cell Reports
ISSN:2213-6711
Publisher:Cell Press / Elsevier
Volume:8
Number:4
Page Range:813-821
Date:11 April 2017
Official Publication:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.02.011
PubMed:View item in PubMed

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