Regulation of vascular tone and arterial blood pressure: role of chloride transport in vascular smooth muscle

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Item Type:	Review
Title:	Regulation of vascular tone and arterial blood pressure: role of chloride transport in vascular smooth muscle
Creators Name:	Huebner, C.A., Schroeder, B.C. and Ehmke, H.
Abstract:	Recent studies suggest that primary changes in vascular resistance can cause sustained changes in arterial blood pressure. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about Cl(-) homeostasis in vascular smooth muscle cells. Within vascular smooth muscle cells, Cl(-) is accumulated above the electrochemical equilibrium, causing Cl(-) efflux, membrane depolarization, and increased contractile force when Cl(-) channels are opened. At least two different transport mechanisms contribute to raise [Cl(-)] i in vascular smooth muscle cells, anion exchange, and cation-chloride cotransport. Recent work suggests that TMEM16A-associated Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) currents mediate Cl(-) efflux in vascular smooth muscle cells leading to vasoconstriction. Additional proteins associated with Cl(-) flux in vascular smooth muscle are bestrophins, which modulate vasomotion, the volume-activated LRRC8, and the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Cl(-) transporters and Cl(-) channels in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) significantly contribute to the physiological regulation of vascular tone and arterial blood pressure.
Keywords:	Blood Pressure, Chloride Channel, Hypertension, Kidney, Vascular Resistance, Vasoconstriction, Animals
Source:	Pfluegers Archiv European Journal of Physiology
ISSN:	0031-6768
Publisher:	Springer
Volume:	467
Number:	3
Page Range:	605-614
Date:	16 January 2015
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-014-1684-y
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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