Spooky sodium balance

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Item Type:	Review
Title:	Spooky sodium balance
Creators Name:	Titze, J., Dahlmann, A., Lerchl, K., Kopp, C., Rakova, N., Schröder, A. and Luft, F.C.
Abstract:	Current teaching states that when sodium intake is increased from low to high levels, total-body sodium (TBNa) and water increase until daily sodium excretion again equals intake. When sodium intake is reduced, sodium excretion briefly exceeds intake until the excess TBNa and water are eliminated, at which point sodium excretion again equals intake. However, careful balance studies oftentimes conflict with this view and long-term studies suggest that TBNa fluctuates independent of intake or body weight. We recently performed the opposite experiment in that we fixed sodium intake for several weeks at three levels of sodium intake and collected all urine made. We found weekly (circaseptan) patterns in sodium excretion that were inversely related to aldosterone and directly to cortisol. TBNa was not dependent on sodium intake but instead exhibited far longer (>=monthly) infradian rhythms independent of extracellular water, body weight, or blood pressure. The findings are consistent with our ideas on tissue sodium storage and its regulation that we developed on the basis of animal research. We are implementing (23)Na-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to pursue open questions on sodium balance in patients. Our findings could be relevant to therapeutic strategies for hypertension and target-organ damage.
Keywords:	Aldosterone, Blood Pressure, Cortisol, Lymph Capillaries, NFAT5, Rhythms, Animals
Source:	Kidney International
ISSN:	0085-2538
Publisher:	Nature Publishing Group
Volume:	85
Number:	4
Page Range:	759-767
Date:	9 April 2014
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1038/ki.2013.367
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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