Cooperation of two PEA3/AP1 sites in uPA gene induction by TPA and FGF-2

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Item Type:	Article
Title:	Cooperation of two PEA3/AP1 sites in uPA gene induction by TPA and FGF-2
Creators Name:	D'Orazio, D., Besser, D., Marksitzer, R., Kunz, C., Hume, D.A., Kiefer, B. and Nagamine, Y.
Abstract:	We have previously shown in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts that treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) or fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) activates the Ras/Erk signaling pathway in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, leading to the induction of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) gene. In this study, we characterize cis-acting elements involved in this induction. DNase I hypersensitive (HS) site analysis of the uPA promoter showed that two regions were enhanced after TPA and FGF-2 treatment. One was located 2.4kb upstream of the transcription start site (-2.4kb), where a known PEA3/AP1 (AGGAAATGAGGTCAT) element is located. The other was located in a previously undefined far upstream region. Sequencing of this region revealed a similar AP1/PEA3 (GTGATTCACTTCCT) element at -6.9 kb corresponding to the HS site. Deletion analysis of the uPA promoter in transient transfection assays showed that both PEA3/AP1 elements are required for full inducibility, suggesting a synergism between the two elements. When the two sites were inserted together upstream of a minimal promoter derived from the thymidine kinase gene, expression of the reporter gene was more strongly induced by TPA and FGF-2 than with either of the two elements alone. Alone, the -6.9 element was more potent than the -2.4 element. The involvement of AP1 as well as Ets transcription factors was confirmed by examining different promoter constructs containing deletions in either the AP-1 or the PEA3 element, and by using an expression plasmid for dominant negative Ets-2. Electromobility shift analyses using specific antibodies showed that c-Jun and, JunD bind to both elements with or without induction. In addition, ATF-2 binds to the -2.4-kb element even without induction and c-Fos to the -6.9-kb element only after induction. Accordingly, overexpression of c-Fos caused induction from the -6.9-kb element, but reduced induction from the -2.4-kb element. The involvement of the Ets-2 transcription factor was shown by using expression plasmids for wild-type and dominant negative Ets-2.
Keywords:	AP1, PEA3, Cis-Acting Element, Plasminogen Activator, Signal Transduction, Animals, Mice
Source:	Gene
ISSN:	0378-1119
Publisher:	Elsevier
Volume:	201
Number:	1-2
Page Range:	179-187
Date:	12 November 1997
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00445-9
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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