High-resolution profiling and discovery of planarian small RNAs

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Item Type:	Article
Title:	High-resolution profiling and discovery of planarian small RNAs
Creators Name:	Friedlaender, M.R., Adamidi, C., Han, T., Lebedeva, S., Isenbarger, T.A., Hirst, M., Marra, M., Nusbaum, C., Lee, W.L., Jenkin, J.C., Alvarado, A.S., Kim, J.K. and Rajewsky, N.
Abstract:	Freshwater planarian flatworms possess uncanny regenerative capacities mediated by abundant and collectively totipotent adult stem cells. Key functions of these cells during regeneration and tissue homeostasis have been shown to depend on PIWI, a molecule required for Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) expression in planarians. Nevertheless, the full complement of piRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) in this organism has yet to be defined. Here we report on the large-scale cloning and sequencing of small RNAs from the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea, yielding altogether millions of sequenced, unique small RNAs. We show that piRNAs are in part organized in genomic clusters and that they share characteristic features with mammalian and fly piRNAs. We further identify 61 novel miRNA genes and thus double the number of known planarian miRNAs. Sequencing, as well as quantitative PCR of small RNAs, uncovered 10 miRNAs enriched in planarian stem cells. These miRNAs are down-regulated in animals in which stem cells have been abrogated by irradiation, and thus constitute miRNAs likely associated with specific stem-cell functions. Altogether, we present the first comprehensive small RNA analysis in animals belonging to the third animal superphylum, the Lophotrochozoa, and single out a number of miRNAs that may function in regeneration. Several of these miRNAs are deeply conserved in animals.
Keywords:	microRNAs, miRNAs, piRNAs, Regeneration, Stem Cells, Animals
Source:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
ISSN:	0027-8424
Publisher:	National Academy of Sciences
Volume:	106
Number:	28
Page Range:	11546-11551
Date:	14 July 2009
Additional Information:	Copyright (c) 2009 by The National Academy of Sciences
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0905222106
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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