Immunosuppressive treatment protects against angiotensin II-induced renal damage

Item Type:	Article
Title:	Immunosuppressive treatment protects against angiotensin II-induced renal damage
Creators Name:	Muller, D.N. and Shagdarsuren, E. and Park, J.K. and Dechend, R. and Mervaala, E. and Hampich, F. and Fiebeler, A. and Ju, X. and Finckenberg, P. and Theuer, J. and Viedt, C. and Kreuzer, J. and Heidecke, H. and Haller, H. and Zenke, M. and Luft, F.C.
Abstract:	Angiotensin (Ang) II promotes renal infiltration by immunocompetent cells in double-transgenic rats (dTGRs) harboring both human renin and angiotensinogen genes. To elucidate disease mechanisms, we investigated whether or not dexamethasone (DEXA) immunosuppression ameliorates renal damage. Untreated dTGRs developed hypertension, renal damage, and 50% mortality at 7 weeks. DEXA reduced albuminuria, renal fibrosis, vascular reactive oxygen stress, and prevented mortality, independent of blood pressure. In dTGR kidneys, p22phox immunostaining co-localized with macrophages and partially with T cells. dTGR dendritic cells expressed major histocompatibility complex II and CD86, indicating maturation. DEXA suppressed major histocompatibility complex II+, CD86+, dendritic, and T-cell infiltration. In additional experiments, we treated dTGRs with mycophenolate mofetil to inhibit T- and B-cell proliferation. Reno-protective actions of mycophenolate mofetil and its effect on dendritic and T cells were similar to those obtained with DEXA. We next investigated whether or not Ang II directly promotes dendritic cell maturation in vitro. Ang II did not alter CD80, CD83, and MHC II expression, but increased CCR7 expression and cell migration. To explore the role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-{alpha} on dendritic cell maturation in vivo, we treated dTGRs with the soluble TNF-{alpha} receptor etanercept. This treatment had no effect on blood pressure, but decreased albuminuria, nuclear factor-κB activation, and infiltration of all immunocompetent cells. These data suggest that immunosuppression prevents dendritic cell maturation and T-cell infiltration in a nonimmune model of Ang II-induced renal damage. Ang II induces dendritic migration directly, whereas in vivo TNF-{alpha} is involved in dendritic cell infiltration and maturation. Thus, Ang II may initiate events leading to innate and acquired immune response.
Keywords:	Angiotensin II, Angiotensinogen, CD Antigens, CD86 Antigens, Blood Pressure, Dendritic Cells, Dexamethasone, Etanercept, Genetically Modified Animals, Histocompatibility Antigens Class II, Immunoglobulin G, Immunosuppressive Agents, Inflammation, Kidney, Kidney Diseases, Kinetics, Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors, Membrane Glycoproteins, Membrane Transport Proteins, Mycophenolic Acid, NADPH Dehydrogenase, NADPH Oxidase, NF-{kappa} B, Phosphoproteins, Protective Agents, Reactive Oxygen Species, Renin, Sprague-Dawley Rats, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors, T-Lymphocytes, Animals, Rats
Source:	American Journal of Pathology
ISSN:	0002-9440
Publisher:	American Society for Investigative Pathology
Volume:	161
Number:	5
Page Range:	1679-1693
Date:	November 2002
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9440(10)64445-8
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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