Thrifty energy phenotype predicts weight regain in postmenopausal women with overweight or obesity and is related to FGFR1 signaling

Item Type:	Article
Title:	Thrifty energy phenotype predicts weight regain in postmenopausal women with overweight or obesity and is related to FGFR1 signaling
Creators Name:	Spranger, L. and Weiner, J. and Bredow, J. and Zeitz, U. and Grittner, U. and Boschmann, M. and Dickmann, S. and Stobäus, N. and Schwartzenberg, R.J. and Brachs, M. and Spranger, J. and Mai, K.
Abstract:	BACKGROUND & AIMS: Long term improvement of body weight and metabolism is highly requested in obesity. The specific impact of weight loss associated temporary negative energy balance or modified body composition on metabolism and weight regain is unclear. METHODS: We randomly assigned 80 post-menopausal women (BMI 33.9 (32.2-36.8)kg/m(2)) to an intervention (IG) or control group (CG). IG underwent a dietary three month-weight loss intervention followed by a four week-weight maintenance period without negative energy balance. The CG was instructed to keep their weight stable. Phenotyping was performed at baseline (M0), after weight loss (M3), the maintenance period (M4) and 24-month follow-up (M24). Co-primary outcomes were changes of insulin sensitivity (ISI(Clamp)) and lean body mass (LBM). Energy metabolism and adipose gene expression were secondary endpoints. RESULTS: Between March 2012 and July 2015, 479 subjects were screened for eligibility. 80 subjects were randomly assigned to IG (n = 40) or CG (n = 40). The total number of dropouts was 18 (IG: n = 13, CG: n = 5). LBM and ISI(Clamp) were stable in the CG between M0 and M3, but were changed in the IG at M3 (LBM: -1.4 (95%CI -2.2-(-0.6)) kg and ISI(Clamp): +0.020 (95%CI 0.012-0.028) mg·kg(-1)·min(-1)/(mU·l(-1))) (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05 for IG vs. CG, respectively). Effects on LBM, ISI(Clamp), FM and BMI were preserved until M4. Lower resting energy expenditure per LBM (REE(LBM)) at M3 and stronger difference of REE(LBM) between M3 and M4 (?REE(LBM-M3M4)), which indicates a thrifty phenotype, were positively associated with FM regain at M24 (p = 0.022 and p = 0.044, respectively). Gene set enrichment analysis revealed a relationship of this phenotype to weight loss-induced adaption of adipose FGFR1 signaling. CONCLUSION: Negative energy balance had no additional effect on insulin sensitivity. FGFR1 signaling might be involved in the adaption of energy expenditure to temporary negative energy balance, which indicates a thrifty phenotype susceptible to weight regain.
Keywords:	Insulin Resistance, Weight Loss, Energy Restriction, Energy Metabolism, Fat Mass, Weight Loss Maintenance, Weight Regain
Source:	Clinical Nutrition
ISSN:	0261-5614
Publisher:	Elsevier / European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism
Volume:	42
Number:	4
Page Range:	559-567
Date:	April 2023
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2023.02.020
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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