Mutations in bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1B cause brachydactyly type A2

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Item Type:	Article
Title:	Mutations in bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1B cause brachydactyly type A2
Creators Name:	Lehmann, K., Seemann, P., Stricker, S., Sammar, M., Meyer, B., Suering, K., Majewski, F., Tinschert, S., Grzeschik, K.H., Mueller, D., Knaus, P., Nuernberg, P. and Mundlos, S.
Abstract:	Brachydactyly (BD) type A2 is an autosomal dominant hand malformation characterized by shortening and lateral deviation of the index fingers and, to a variable degree, shortening and deviation of the first and second toes. We performed linkage analysis in two unrelated German families and mapped a locus for BD type A2 to 4q21-q25. This interval includes the gene bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1B (BMPR1B), a type I transmembrane serinethreonine kinase. In one family, we identified a T599 → A mutation changing an isoleucine into a lysine residue (1200K) within the glycine/serine (GS) domain of BMPR1B, a region involved in phosphorylation of the receptor. In the other family we identified a C1456 → T mutation leading to an arginine-to-tryptophan amino acid change (R486W) in a highly conserved region C-terminal of the BMPR1B kinase domain. An in vitro kinase assay showed that the 1200K mutation is kinase-deficient, whereas the R486W mutation has normal kinase activity, indicating a different pathogenic mechanism. Functional analyses with a micromass culture system revealed a strong inhibition of chondrogenesis by both mutant receptors. Overexpression of mutant chBmpR1b in vivo in chick embryos by using a retroviral system resulted either in a BD phenotype with shortening and/or missing phalanges similar to the human phenotype or in severe hypoplasia of the entire limb. These findings imply that both mutations identified in human BMPR1B affect cartilage formation in a dominant-negative manner.
Keywords:	Amino Acid Sequence, Amino Acid Sequence Homology, Base Sequence, Cartilage, Chick Embryo, Chondrogenesis, Congenital Limb Deformities, Chromosome Mapping, Complementary DNA, Dominant Genes, Growth Factor Receptors, Missense Mutation, Molecular Sequence Data, Pair 4 Human Chromosomes, Pedigree, Phenotype, Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases, Type I Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Animals
Source:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
ISSN:	0027-8424
Publisher:	National Academy of Sciences
Volume:	100
Number:	21
Page Range:	12277-12282
Date:	14 October 2003
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2133476100
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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